A report commissioned by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (September 2017) and prepared for the Department of Energy and Eskom has assessed the impact of variable generation technologies on system operation in South Africa until 2030.
It discredits the notion that a high penetration of renewables will be difficult and costly to manage in the South African context, and that that high penetration of wind and solar PV can be handled by the system at moderate additional cost.